Read the following text and do the tasks that follow :
Arteries of the heart blocked by plaque can reduce the flow of blood to the heart possibly resulting in heart attack or death. Plaque is actually fat and cholesterol that accumulates on the inside of the arteries. The arteries of the heart are small and can be blocked by such accumulations. There is a medical procedure that creates more space in the blocked artery by inserting and inflating a tiny balloon into the blood vessel. It is called coronary balloon angioplasty. Angioplasty means "blood vessel repair". When the balloon is inflated, it compresses the plaque against the wall of the artery, creating more space and improving the flow of blood.
Many doctors choose this technique, because it is less invasive than bypass surgery. Yes, both involve entering the body cavity, but in bypass surgery, the chest must be opened, the ribs must be cut, and the section of diseased artery must be removed and replaced. To replace it, the patient's body is opened, once again, to acquire a healthy section of artery. Usually, this blood vessel is removed from an artery located in the calf of the leg. This means the patient now has two painful incisions that must heal at the same time. There is far more risk in such bypass surgery than in angioplasty, which involves threading a thin tube, called a catheter, into the circulatory system and working it to the damaged artery.
Angioplasty may take between 30 minutes to 3 hours to complete. It begins with a distinctive dye that is injected into the bloodstream. A thin catheter is then inserted into the femoral artery of the leg, near the groin. The doctor monitors the path of the dye using x-rays. He moves the tube through the heart and into the plaque filled artery. He inflates the balloon, creating more space, deflates the balloon, and removes the tube. It is important to note that the plaque has not been removed; it has just been compressed against the sides of the artery. Sometimes, a stent may be implanted, a tiny tube of stainless steel that is expandable when necessary. Its function is to keep the artery open.
There is good news and there is bad news. The good news is that the statistics compiled are superb. Ninety percent of all angioplasty procedures are successful. The risk of dying during an operation of this type is less than 2%. The risk of heart attack is also small: 3-5%. Yet heart surgeons do not take any risk lightly; therefore, a team of surgeons stands ready to perform bypass surgery if needed. The length of hospitalization is only three days. The bad news is twofold. First, this procedure treats the condition but does not eradicate the cause. In 20% of the cases, there is a recurrence of plaque. Second, angioplasty is not recommended for all patients. The surgeons must consider the patient's age, physical history, how severe the blockage is, and, finally, the degree of damage to the artery before they make their determination.
A. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate words highlighted in the text. Two of them are not necessary. [5×1=5]
a. The build up of ......... in the arteries can restrict blood flow and lead to serious heart problems.
b. During an ......... procedure, a balloon is inflated to compress plaque against the artery walls.
c. A ............ is inserted into the femoral artery to guide the balloon to the blocked vessel.
d. A ............ may be implanted after angioplasty to help prevent the artery from closing again.
e. Bypass surgery is considered more ......... than angioplasty to help prevent the artery from closing again.
B. Read the text again and write-
TRUE if the statements agree with the information given in the text.
FALSE if the statements contradict the information given in the text.
NOT GIVEN if there is no information in the text. [5×1=5]
a. Heart attack is caused due to the blockage of coronary arteries.
b. Doctors prefer bypass surgery to angioplasty for improving the flow of blood in the arteries.
c. A catheter must be dipped into water before being inserted into the damaged artery.
d. The purpose of implanting a stent is to keep the artery open.
e. According to the text, most of the angioplasty procedures are not successful.
C. Answer the following questions. [5×1=5]
a. What is coronary balloon angioplasty?
b. What is the difference between angioplasty and bypass surgery?
c. What is a stent?
d. How long does it take to complete the coronary balloon angioplasty?
e. What should the surgeons consider before performing angioplasty?
Write short answers to the following questions in about 75 words each. [5×2=10]
a) How does the young man express regret at the end of the story? (Neighbours)
b) Describe the environment of celebration on Rakesh's success. (The Devoted Son)
OR
Why does the digital library not interest the author? (On Libraries)
c) Why does the poet focus on the god on his pray and not other creatures? Give a reason. (Every Morning I wake)
d) What do the Chinese nationalists assert about the origin of human civilization? (Humility)
OR
How does Queen Elizabeth I of England use wisdom truly and wisely? (Knowledge and Wisdom)
e) Do you think an ordinary man or woman is different from an actor or actress? (A Matter of Husbands)
Write long answers to the following questions in about 150 words each. [2×5=10]
a) What is the relevance of giving reference of the paralysed child, near Swyambhu, very close to the statue of half closed eyes of Buddha? What does Lamichhane try to indicate here? (Half Closed Eyes of the Buddha)
b) What is the significance of the reference 'homeless children crying with hunger under the bat-bearing trees in Thamel'? Does it have any relation with the poem 'Soft Storm'? Explain.
OR
The Play 'The Bull' is an example of flatterings that the rulers trust those who can flatter them rather than those who work honestly and wisely with their hard work and positive attitude. Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons. (The Bull)
Develop a readable story with the help of the outlines given below. Write in about 150 words with a suitable title and a moral. [7]
..... a minister ....... wants to know the real situation of the country ....... disguises as a civilian ......... moves around alone ........ nobody recognises ........ police suspect as a terrorist ....... arrest ....... ask for identity ........ minister denies ....... interrogate cruelly ......... threaten to keep in prison ........ minister reveals the identity ........... police apologize ........ advises for a careful investigation ....... no trouble for people ........ .
You are concerned about the harmful effects of junk food on health, particularly among young people. You are also aware of your role as a student to reduce the consumption of unhealthy food and develop healthy eating habits. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper in about 180 words expressing the role of youth in such a condition mentioned above. [8]
Write a memoir in about 300 words on a meaningful travel experience that includes a clear description of the event, your emotional response to it, and reflection on how this event has influenced your life or perspective. [10]
Do as instructed in the brackets and rewrite the complete sentences. [10]
a) The smart students can complete their work creatively. (Underline adverb in the sentence.)
b) One of the students in the class (is/are/had been/were) working very well nowadays. (Choose correct option to complete the sentence.)
c) She always goes to school ....... foot. (Complete the sentence with an appropriate preposition.)
d) She ........ (must/may/might/can't) have finished the book that I provided. She was looking for another book in the library. (Complete the sentence with a correct modal auxiliary.)
e) By coming Bhadra, we ....... (get) our exam result. (Put the correct form of the verb 'get' to complete the sentence.)
f) ........ her hard work, she couldn't get success. (Complete the sentence using an appropriate connective.)
g) JG Farrell published 'The Singapore Grip', ...... was his last complete book. (Complete the sentence using a relative clause.)
h) It didn't stop (rain/rained/raining/to rain) yesterday. (Choose an appropriate infinitive or gerund to complete the sentence.)
i) Experts estimate that 1.35 billion people speak English in the world. (Change the sentence into passive voice.)
j) My sister said to me, "Did you pay attention at that time?" (Change the sentence into indirect speech.)
Choose and copy the correct alternatives. [5×1=5]
a) Which of the following words has a different final consonant sound?
(i) bridge (ii) rise (iii) please (iv) cause
b) Which of the following words is correctly spelt?
(i) accomodate (ii) accommodate (iii) acommmodate (iv) acomodate
c) Which one of the following words doesn't have prefix?
(i) disown (ii) disqualified (iii) district (iv) dissatisfied
d) Which of the following words comes between the words beneficial and benevolent?
(i) benefactor (ii) benefit (iii) benediction (iv) benefice
e) 'He burned the midnight oil to complete the project'. Which of the following refers to the idiom given above?
(i) worked very hard (ii) wasted time (iii) lit a lamp (iv) destroyed something